Dr Ritesh Satardey

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Renal Stone

Overview

Hard deposits of minerals and salts that develop in the kidneys are known as renal stones, or kidney stones, and they can cause excruciating pain and problems urinating. There are several kinds of these stones, including as struvite, calcium, uric acid, and cystine stones. Severe back or abdominal pain, blood in the urine, severe and frequent urination, and nausea are common symptoms. Increasing fluid intake, using medication, and having ureteroscopy or shock wave therapy (ESWL) to break up or remove the stones are common forms of treatment. Effective management relies heavily on early medical intervention.

What are the types of Renal Stone?

Based on their composition, kidney stones are divided into multiple types:
  • Calcium stones: The most prevalent kind, mainly composed of calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate. They arise from the combination of calcium and phosphate or oxalate in the urine.
  • Urine that is overly acidic might cause uric acid stones to form. Gout and excessive purine intake from meals like red meat and seafood are linked to these stones.
  • Struvite Stones: Also referred to as infection stones, these stones are made of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate and are linked to urinary tract infections. They have a rapid growth rate and can get rather big.
  • The rare condition known as cystinuria, which results in elevated quantities of the amino acid cystine in the urine, is the cause of cystine stones.

    • Symptoms

    Many symptoms can be brought on by kidney stones, such as:
  • Severe Pain: Excruciating pain in the groin, lower abdomen, side, or back. As the stone passes through the urinary system, the pain may migrate and change in intensity.
  • Hematuria: The presence of blood in the urine, which can give it a pink, red, or brown tint.
  • Urinating more frequently than usual or feeling the need to urinate strongly and urgently are examples of frequent urination.
  • Urination that hurts: Urinating that hurts or causes discomfort.
  • Urine That Is Foul-Smelling or hazy: An infection may occasionally be indicated by urine that is foul-smelling or seems hazy.
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